The outside of the scallop’s mantle is lined with black dots. Each of these black dots is a scallop’s eye.
ホタテ貝の外套膜の外側に黒い点が並んでいます。この黒い点の一つ一つがホタテ貝の目です。
Scallops have 80 to 100 of these eyes. Scallops have this primitive eye, but clams and clams, which are also bivalves, do not have this eye. However, scallops’ eyes can only detect brightness, but cannot distinguish colors or objects. A distinctive feature of this eye is that it has a reflective mirror on the back. The eyes of animals such as humans and cats use lenses to collect light and direct it to the retina, but scallop eyes use reflectors to collect light.
ホタテ貝にはこの目が80~100個あります。ホタテ貝はこの原始的な目がありますが、同じ二枚貝のあさりやはまぐりにはこの目がありません。しかしホタテ貝の目は明るさを認識できる程度で、色や物の識別はできません。この目の特徴はうしろ側に反射鏡があることです。人間や猫など動物の目はレンズで光を集めて網膜に当てますが、ホタテ貝の目は光を集めるために反射鏡を使います。
Another characteristic is that they have two retinas. The retina closest to the mirror responds to weaker light, and the retina farther from the mirror responds to stronger light. Therefore, scallops are thought to be watching two types of images at once. In this way, there are types of bivalves that have eyes and types that do not.
もう一つの特徴は網膜が二つあること。反射鏡から近い網膜は弱い光に反応し、遠い網膜は強い光に反応します。ですからホタテは一度に2種類の映像を見ていると考えられています。このように同じ2枚貝でも目がある種類と目がない種類がいます。
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